基于VB的飞机电源系统控制与显示半实物仿真平台研究

以波音737NG飞机电源系统供电逻辑为研究对象,分析供电网络交流和直流分配原理及切换逻辑,采用VB.NET软件编写系统工作动态仿真程序,使用单片机COM通信实现VB上位机程序与1:1大小驾驶舱P5面板实物的动作联调,从而实现波音737NG飞机电源系统原理展示以及驾驶舱操作与显示功能展示。     

利用等离子体通道实现空间太阳能无线能量传输

空间太阳能电站是高效利用太阳能的有效途径,受到了国际的广泛关注。空间无线能量传输技术是空间太阳能电站的关键技术之一。文章首先分析了微波与激光无线能量传输技术的问题,根据空间太阳能传输的具体需求进一步提出基于等离子体通道的无线能量传输技术,并对基于此项技术的空间太阳能传输系统进行了论证,完善并发展了空间太阳能传输模型。基于等离子体通道的无线能量传输技术为多个领域的能量补给提供了新颖的技术途径,是具有广阔应用前景的战略选择。     

Designing method of acceleration and deceleration control schedule for variable cycle engine

Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance. However, this improvement increases the complexity of the acceleration and deceleration control schedule. In order to resolve this problem, the Transient-state Reverse Method (TRM) is established in the present study based on the Steady-state Reverse Method (SRM) and the Virtual Power Extraction Method (VPEM). The state factors in the component-based engine performance models are replaced by variable geometry parameters to establish the TRM for a double bypass VCE. Obtained results are compared with the conventional component-based model from different aspects, including the accuracy and the convergence rate. The TRM is then employed to optimize the control schedule of a VCE. Obtained results show that the accuracy and the convergence rate of the proposed method are consistent with that of the conventional model. On the other hand, it is found that the new-model-optimized control schedules reduce the acceleration and deceleration time by 45% and 54%, respectively. Meanwhile, the surge margin of compressors, fuel–air ratio and the turbine inlet temperature maintained are within the acceptable criteria. It is concluded that the proposed TRM is a powerful method to design the acceleration and deceleration control schedule of the VCE.     

碲化铋基温差发电模块输出功率优化试验研究

同位素温差发电器在深空探测活动中具有广泛的应用背景。为优选温差发电模块构型、提高输出功率,制备了具有不同热电元件厚度的碲化铋基温差发电模块;并通过建立的试验测试系统,测量了不同温差条件下发电模块的输出功率和匹配负载随热电元件厚度的变化。试验结果表明,在所研究的热电元件厚度范围内,随着热电元件厚度的减小,模块的输出功率呈线性增大趋势,而匹配负载则呈线性减小趋势。在热源温度478 K、热沉温度300 K的条件下,测得热电元件厚度为1.0 mm的模块的最大输出功率达到约8.2 W,最大功率面积比约为0.52 W·cm-2。     

Operational modal parameter identification with colored noise excitation

Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) refers to the modal analysis of a structure in its operating state. The advantage of OMA is that only the output vibration signal of a system is used in the analysis process. Classic OMA is based on the white noise excitation assumption and many identification methods have been developed in both time domain and frequency domain. But in reality, many environmental excitations are not compliance with the white noise assumption. In this paper, a method of half power bandwidth analysis is applied to power spectrum analysis to deal with the colored noise and trapezoidal spectral excitation. The modal frequencies and modal damping ratios are derived and the error caused by trapezoidal spectral and colored noise excitation are analyzed. It is proved that the OMA algorithm based on the white noise assumption can be extended to the colored noise environments under certain conditions. Finally, a simulation example with a cantilever beam and a vibration test with four kinds of colored noise and trapezoidal spectrum base excitation are carried out and the results support the proposed method.     

多电式环控系统电动机功率选定及其经济性分析

提出多电式环控系统参数匹配计算模型,获得不同飞行工况下电动机功率的选定值,分析其影响因素以及系统的经济性.结果表明:对于一定的供气压力,飞行高度越高,电动机功率越大,而同一高度马赫数越大,电动机功率越小;对于给定的飞行工况,供气压力越高,电动机功率越大;对于相同的供气压力与飞行工况,多电式环控系统的性能代偿损失比传统环控系统要小,飞行时间越长,系统的经济性越好.      

非标准大气条件下航空发动机地面起动性能

为了得到非标准大气条件对航空发动机地面起动性能的影响,对非标准大气条件下空气涡轮起动机输出功率特性、标准大气条件下理想起动过程的影响因素进行了分析.研究了非标准大气条件对航空发动机地面起动性能影响,分析了大气温度对起动点火时间、起动时间、起动过程排气温度的影响.应用均匀加速原理,对某型涡扇发动机起动时间进行估算.基于地面台架起动试验条件,对试验数据统计分析:大气温度增加或降低,将增加起动点火及脱开时间.对大气温度在293.15K以上的开车次的平均起动时间与293.15K以下的平均起动时间进行对比,热天起动时间比冷天要短约3s,试验结果符合理论分析.      

带多孔板的APU进气系统气动性能实验

利用实验方法对一类带多孔板的辅助动力装置(APU)进气系统气动性能进行了研究.实验结果表明:两出口的总压恢复系数和总压畸变指数均随流量的增加不断降低.总压恢复系数在定总流量时略微下降,在定配比时几乎线性下降.总压畸变在周向上主要受多孔板无孔区影响,径向上主要受流道曲率影响.随开孔率增加,总压恢复系数不断增加.动力端不同开孔率下,总压畸变以径向畸变为主,负载端在小开孔率时以周向畸变为主,大开孔率时径向畸变成为主要因素.      

电机-变距螺旋桨动力系统功率优化控制

电动螺旋桨无人机应用越来越普及,但普遍续航时间较短,提高电动力系统效率、降低功率消耗是提高航时的主要措施。电机-变距螺旋桨动力系统（以下简称变距电动力系统）可同时改变转速、桨距两个量,存在桨距和转速的最佳组合,使系统功率最小。相比电机-定距螺旋桨动力系统,其在耗能方面具有特殊优势,但如何达到最小功率点,目前研究较少。针对上述问题,为提高计算效率,便于控制研究工作的开展,首先基于改进天牛须算法的BP神经网络训练得到变距电动力系统的神经网络代理模型。接着提出了一种变距电动力系统功率优化控制策略：在一定入流速度、拉力需求下,基于自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波-牛顿法实时优化桨距,并在一定桨距下利用模糊PID控制系统转速以达目标拉力,实现目标拉力需求下的最小功率控制。仿真验证结果表明,提出的功率优化控制策略鲁棒性更强、优化速度更快、收敛效果更好。